Compensating device for ordnance



`April 2, 1931. M. E. BARKER y 1,801,258

COMPENSATING DEVICE FOR ORDNANCE Filed April 30, 1927 F/g. A

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, Patented Apr. 21, 1931 #ATENT OFFICE The inventiondescribed herein maybe manufacturedjand usedby or forthe Governnient` fory governmentalpurposes without the payment tome'jof any royalty thereon.

"s This invention relates in general to com` pensatorsarid'moreparticularly has reference to a compensator for ordnance pieces.

Previousto this time, the recoil and jump y or upward dis lacementofordnance pieces hask leen disa vantageous and inconvenient evenu inlight rides and especially in such weapons as raid re guns they havebeen exceedin 1y d' cult to hold. It has also been practicallyimpossible to maintain a satis- '."15 factory continuous operation ofthe same, as

the aim is constantly displaced by the shocks of successive dischargesand the eiects of ghe recoil on the operator preclude steady Ag objectof this invention is to rovide a compenastor for ordnance pieces t atwill check the recoil durin firing.

Another object of this invention is to provide a compensator forordnance pieces that will overcome the upward thrust or jump durinfiring.

A urther object of this invention is to provide a compensator forordnance pieces that may be readily attached or detached and which doesnot interfere with normal operation of the piece.

With these and other ob'ects in view which may be lincident to mylmprovements, the invention consists inthe parts and combinations to behereinafter set forth and claimed, with the understanding that theseveral necessary elements comprising my invention, may be varied inconstruction, proportions an arrangement, without departing from thespirit and scope of the appended claims.

f In order to make my invention more clearly. understood, I have shownin the accompanying drawings means for carrying the same into practicaleffect, without limiting the improvements in their useful applicationsto the particular constructions, which for the pur ose of explanation,have been made the sub]ect of illustration.

In the drawings forming a part of this specifications corrrnnshme DEVICEnon oRDNANcE nioalea 'April so, 1927. serial nu. 187,924.

mincir a, 1883, -As AMENDED Aran. so, icas; are o. c. as?) Fig. 2.

ig. 4 is a side elevation sectional view of the guide.

Fignais an end view of the guide shown in Fig. 4.

Fig. 6'is a side elevation sectional view of one of the baiiie plates.

Fig. 7 is al front view of the baie plate shown in Fi' 6.

Fig. 8 is amodiied form of the compensator made in the single piece.

Fig. 9'is a front view of the modied compensator shown in Fig. 8.,

Referring by numerals to the drawin wherein similar elements aredesignated sy like symbols of reference, throughout, there is shown inFi 1 the muzzle portion of any conventional rifle barrel 1 havingmounted thereon the usual front sight 2. The muzzle of the barrel infront of the sight 2 is seated in the compensator forming the subjectmatter of this invention formed of any suitable material, preferablysome light metal alloy. The compensator comprises a nut 3 having anannular seat 4 to receive the muzzle of the barrel. Any means serving tohold the compensator securely to the barrel of the piece may beutilized, such as a. threaded engagement.

The nut Sas'v shown in Figures 2 and 3 is formed'with a central aperture5 and on the top and bottom semi-cylindrical longitudinal grooves 6 and7. These grooves are cut out to reduce the weight of the parts, henceanyv other method of accomplishing this result may be employed. There isprovided in the face of the nut a-series of apertures 8 for a purpose tobe hereinafter more fully described.

Adjacent to the nut 3 and in coaxial ali ment .therewith there isadapted to fit a guide 9 as shown in Fig. 1. The guide 94 is providedWith a central aperture 11 having, at the rear, a reduced portion 12.The to and bottom of the guide 9 are provided wit lon- 100 gitudinalsemi-cylindrical grooves 13 and 14 A tions aligned with the adjacentsurfaces of larity of the bailles.

`the nut 3 and the baiiies 21. It is to be understood that the shape ofthe member 9 may be varied to conform to the particular angu- The nut 3and the be vjoined on the top y a llurality of long bolts 16 and on thebottomY y a plurality of v short bolts 17 havingheads 18 and 19, re-

spectively, as shown in Fig. 1. The bolts'16 andf17 are adapted toextend through the alpertures 15 in the guide 9 and engage t reads notshown in the apertures of the nut 3.

Mounted on the bolts 16 and 17 are a plurality of disks 21k adapted todeflect hot gases proximately 50C.-

issuin from the muzzle in such a manner as will c reactions. The disks21 are provided with a central aperture 22 as shown in Figures 6 and 7and a series of apertures 23 on their face.,

adapted to receive thebolts 16 and 17 The disks 21 are angularly mountedwith respect to the vertical and, as shown, are set at ap- These areseparated by a series of spacers 24 mounted on the bolts ,16

-and 17. The end disk is held by end spacers 25 as shown in Fig. 1.

There is shown in Figures 8 and A9 a modification of this inventionshowing a compensator constructed from a single piece of materialcomprising a body portion 26 having a reduced extension 27. The reducedextension 27 is provided with an annular seat 28 adapted to receive themuzzle of a rifle barrel 1. On the lower part of the reduced.- extension27 there is provided a threaded ap.

erture 29 adapted to' receive a set screw 31 to screw the compensator tothe barrel. It will be appreciated that a similar method may be employedto lock the nut 3 in the d esired position. In coaxial alignment withthe annular seat 28 is provided a longitudinal bore 32, whch, in effect,is an extension of the bore of the barrel but of greater diameter. A.series ,of inclined slots 33 are drilled inthe top and bottom of thecompensator with a milling cutter or any suitable tool. Thesecommunicate with the bore 32, causing the intermediate partitions 34 toserve the same function as the disks 21 shown in Fig.l 1. The number ofslots 33 in the top exceeds the number in the bottom. By thisarrangement the downward thrust on the upper portion considerablyexceeds the upward thrust on the lower portion. This excessv from themuzzle of the piece. guide 9.are adapted to caciously check thev recoiland jump" 1,801,258 j l A downward force directly opposes the upwardmovement or jump of the and.

' It will be. understood that by varying the angularity of'the baiiies21 or the partitions 34 the vertical and horizontal forces exerted y bythe issuing gases maybe varied.` Thus the angle of the delecting membersmay be adjusted to give the desired results with each type of ordnancepiece. It Vis manifestly within the broad'scope of the invention toincrease or decrease the number of deliectors and to position these atany desired distance The operation f the compensator y may readily beseen by having reference to Figures 1 and 8.v The hot gases issuing fromthe muzzle of the barrel strike the inclined disks 21, or integralmembers formed 'by the slots 33, which act as bale plates and de iectthe gases upwardly and downwardly. The upward defiection may beconsidered as producing a two-component effect on the piece" thevertical component holding the arrel down and restraining the jump, andthe horizontal component tendin to check the recoil. On the bottom of te `compensator a positive backward turn is givento the gases causing themajor portion of the force to overcome the recoil. As the upward thruston the lower art of the baflies is less than the downwar thrust on theupper portion of the batlies, the net result tends to overcome thejumpof thepiece and check 'the recoil at the instant the projectileissues from the muzzle.

I have found that if the position` of the compensator be shiftedapproximatel ninety degrees in a clockwise or counter-c ockwisedirection anrautomatic traverse of a ivotally mounted ordnance piece maybe o tained. This results from the diiferential. effect caused by theinclination of the deflectors as previously explained.

In normal operation a large volume of the combustion gases are deflectedupwardly through the spaces between the delectors. This tends to obscurethe tar et' and cause inaccurate firing. Such a di culty maybe overcomeby mounting a hollow tubular member 40, either on the muzzleofthe pieceor on the compensator, in such la manner that the bore of the tubularmember constitutes a prolongation of the line of sight. This member mayproject slightly beyond the end of the compensator so as to insure aclear vision of the target.

. There is provided by this invention a compensator for ordnance piecesadapted to check the recoil and overcome the jump and afford greaterease of operation with maxiuninterrupte firing.

It is manifest that this invention is not restricted to the specificnumber of baiiles shown or the form ofmounting as it is obvi- -mumaccurac and` allow longer periods of neonata ous that their number andthe mode of attachment is to be determined by the particular requirementof the various types of weapons upon which the compensator is employed.

lt is apparent that the compensator herein described is not necessarilylimited for use with small arms. It is applicable likewise to mortars,field pieces and the like.

While I have shown and described the preferred embodiment of myinvention, I wish it to be understood that l do not confine myself tothe precise details of construction herein set forth, by way ofillustration, as it is apparent that many changes and variations may bemade therein, b those skilled in the art, without departing rom thespirit of the invention, or exceeding the scope of the appended claims.

I claim: l

1. A compensator for an ordance piece adapted to be attached to thebarrel comprising a series of baiile plates angularly disposed withrespect to the muzzle of the barrel adapted to deliect the gases issuingfrom the muzzle of the piece.

2. A compensator for an ordnance piece adapted to be attached to thebarrel comprising, a series of baille plates angularly disposed withrespect to the muzzle of the barrel, the plates being so formed as toallow an unimpeded path for a projectile and means to x the position ofthe baie plates.

3. A compensator for an yordnance piece comprising a cylindrical bodyportion having an axial bore, inclined notches in the top and bottom ofthe body portion forming baile plates having extended fiat surfacescommunicatin with the axial bore, the number of notches 1n the topexceeding the number of notches in the bottom, and means to secure 'thecompensator to the ordnance piece.

4. A compensator for an ordnance piece comprising, an integral bodyportion havin an axial bore, inclined notches inl the top an bottom ofthe body portion forming baille plates having extended flat surfacescommunicating with the axial bore, and means to secure the compensatorto the ordnance piece.

5. A compensator for an ordnance piece comprising, an integra bodyportion havin an axial bore, inclined otches in the top an bottom of thebody\p rtion, forming baille plates communicating lwith the axial borethe surfaces of the corresponding top and bottom baiiie plates formed bythe notches being on the same plane.

6. A compensator for an ordnance piece adapted to be attached to thebarrel comprising, a body portion, means on the body portion to deflectgases issuing from the piece both upwardly toward the front anddownwardlg toward the rear.

7. compensator for an ordnance piece ature.

